Sayantan mitra department of biochemistry, calcutta university, kolkata, west bengal, india. However, radioactive waste emits radiation, which makes it a particular hazard for human health and the environment. Healthcare facilities send their radioactive medical waste offsite for treatment and disposal. Items contaminated or potentially contaminated with radioactive substances. Various problems including different side effects occur to the people where untreated or partially treated waste is disposed, thus care should be taken while waste management and disposal. To protect the health and safety of staff, patients, and visitors and minimize the risk. Safe management of wastes from healthcare activities whoeurope. Generally, risk waste includes infectious waste, pathological, pharmaceutical, sharps, chemicals, genotoxic and radioactive wastes.
Nonrisk waste includes garbage and general day to day waste. Basic principles of radioactive waste management objective of radioactive waste management the objective of radioactive waste management is to control and account for radioactive waste to protect human health and the environment now, but also to make sure we do not leave unnecessary burdens for future generations. Safe disposal of the radioactive waste is a vital component of the. Waste management does create a major problem if it is not properly performed. Efficient waste management is critical for hospitals because medical waste can be pathogenic and environmentally hazardous. Pdf most of the tertiary care hospitals use radioisotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Team leader waste management coordinator medical officer ic of the hospital. Radioactive waste is generated not only by the nuclear power industry, but also by hospitals, universities and nonnuclear. Sutherland encyclopedia of life support systems eolss regulation, and various workrelated practices that generally ensure full control and. Nuclear medicine services are in the increase in many developing countries. Radioactive waste management an overview sciencedirect. Radioactive waste disposal costs vary and are dependent on the waste stream.
Hazardous materials hazardous waste management plan. From biohazardous medical waste disposal and sharps management to document and hard drive destruction, weve got you covered. Medical waste management plan ucla health system program responsibility contacts the environmental services and safety departments collaboratively, are responsible for the implementation and oversight of the medical waste management plan and program for the ucla health system. Radioactive waste is a byproduct of various nuclear technology processes. Rad waste produced at healthcare facilities is alomost always classified as lowlevel radioactive waste llrw radioactive waste that is not high level radioactive waste or spent nuclear fuel. Paec, the main producer of the radioactive waste, is managing it with safety and security and storing it at pinstech and kanupp. Clinical, cytotoxic, pharmaceutical, chemical and radioactive. Lowlevel waste is typical of that found at medical and research institutions such as michigan state university. Radioactive waste is a type of hazardous waste that contains radioactive material. Hospital waste management, also known as medical waste management, is a system that handles hospital generated waste, including infectious, chemical, expired pharmaceutical and radioactive items, and sharps. Radioactive waste management to protect the people and environment 2.
Audit waste waste management awareness handbook 2011. Medical waste management plan hs 8214 ucla health system policies and procedures environment of care hazardous materials. All the regulations applying to waste in general also apply to radioactive waste. This category of waste, includes wastes which are not classified as hazardous. Lee, in an introduction to nuclear waste immobilisation second edition, 2014. Decay storage of radioactive waste a sample calculation of decay storage time. Development of near surface disposal facilities february 24. The management of low and intermediatelevel radioactive waste, nuclear energy agency, nea issue brief. Radioactive waste management nuclear waste disposal world. A major curse in india has always been radioactive waste treatment and their disposal. Medical waste management mwm has become a critical issue as it poses potential health risks and damage to the environment 1, 2. The finances of radioactive waste will be managed through central radioactive waste management fund rwmf. Municipal solid waste in bangladesh contains as much.
The first rule of infectious waste management was regulated in 1992, and infectious wastes are defined as the waste materials generated in medical institutions as a result of medical care or research which contain pathogens that have the potential to transmit infectious diseases. If a hospital has a nuclear medicine section, that is usually where most of the radiation therapy takes place. Radiation protection and radioactive waste management in the operation of nuclear power plants this publication has been superseded by ssg40 and gsg7. This single radioactive waste strategy will apply to all radioactive waste generated within the nda group, including materials that may become waste at some point in the future. Radioactive waste management of nuclear power plant. The responsibilities for collection, storage, and disposal of these wastes in the rimary responsibility of the oeso p. Central radioactive waste management fund rwmf established and maintained by paec for the safe management of radioactive sources in the country. Healthcare facilities employ radioactive materials in both diagnostic and.
Safe disposal of the radioactive waste is a vital component of the overall management of the. It is also of greater importance due to its potential environmental hazards and public health risks with high propensity to result into epidemics. In japan, the waste management practice is carried out in accordance with the waste disposal law of 1970. Radioactive waste radioactive substances from radiotherapy and lab work. We offer a wide variety of waste disposal services for companies of all sizes. Based on a case study undertaken at hospitals within kampala, this research looked in to the various issues in the. Safe management of radioactive waste in pakistan will be ensured by government of pakistan. Pdf radioactive waste management in a hospital shoukat. Management of radioactive wastes in a hospital environment. Vasudha ashutosh gokhale2, deepa joshi 3 1institute for excellence in higher education bhopal m. Reactor concepts manual radioactive waste management usnrc technical training center 101 0703 radioactive waste management this section will discuss the sources, handling, and u ltimate disposal of radioactive wastes sometimes referred to as radwaste generated by nuclear power plant operation. Genotoxic waste waste containing cytotoxic drugsoften used in cancer therapy types and nature of hospital waste depends upon the service available in hospital and nature of the hospital. In nearly all hospitals, the waste from nuclear medicine. Storage radioactive waste the placement of radioactive waste in an appropriate facility with the intention of retrieving it at some future time.
Radioactive waste in healthcare medical waste management. It is a process that should begin at the site of generation where medical waste has to be properly collected and segregated from other nonhazardous waste. Hospital waste management, also known as medical waste management, is a system that handles hospitalgenerated waste, including infectious, chemical, expired pharmaceutical and radioactive items, and sharps. Whenever the box becomes filled up about 23 months, individual bags are remonitored to ascertain. Assessment of medical waste management in seven hospitals. Radioactive waste disposal and management services. Most of the tertiary care hospitals use radioisotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Pharmaceutical waste expired outdated drugs chemicals 8. Pressurized container gas cylinder,aerosal cans etc 9. Pdf management of medical radioactive wastes okot k. It has been a long since problem of waste treatment and their disposal.
Radioactive waste management in a hospital article pdf available in international journal of health sciences 41. Hazardous waste management plans generally separate waste into three broad groups. Ii radioactive wastes, origins, classification and management john k. Radioactive wastes, origins, classification and management. Hospital waste consists of both risk waste and non risk waste.
Composed of radionuclides low, medium, and highlevel waste highlevel waste produced in nuclear reactors consists of o fission products shorthalf lives o actinides longhalf lives 3. The main risk associated with infection is sharps contaminated with blood. Ucla medical center and orthopedic hospital 1250 16th street santa monica, ca 90404. Radioactive waste is classified as either lowlevel or highlevel waste. If not managed properly, dangerous waste can pose threats to your safety, and public safety, and can damage the environment. Waste that is dangerous and hazardous to either a persons health or the environment is referred. Hospital waste management means the management of waste. Such practices can lead to the reuse of needles by other people and their presence in the general waste poses a high risk to waste workers. Cytotoxic and radioactive wastes from hospitals are of major concern in the various types of urban wastes, and in developed countries they are managed by proper regulated methods. The new radiation symbol was adopted by the united nations in 2007, but the older symbol is still widely recognized and expected to remain in common. The radioactive waste should be kept in such an area where the radioactivity cannot create much of an effect on the environment.
College of architecture, university of pune, india 3institute for excellence in higher education bhopal m. Mining nuclear power generation various processes in industry, defense, medicine scientific research. The management of hospital generated waste is not only the responsibility of the hospital administration but also of every department and every healthcare providing personnel in the hospital. Hence, waste storage is by definition an interim measure and the term interim storage should not be used. Abstract it has been a long since problem of waste treatment and their disposal. Waste management hospital waste is a potential reservoir of pathogenic microorganisms and requires appropriate, safe and reliable handling.
All other bsl2 noncategory a organisms are to be disposed of as medical waste per the campus medical waste management plan. Radioactive waste management is necessary to isolate radioactive waste from living things. Radioactive medical waste medical waste collection. Hospital environmental, hazardous, and radiation waste regulations prepared from reference materials available as of september 30, 2010 additional reference. The waste management project at green channel will. The unsafe management of sharps, including used needles, can be seen in different ways, such as incomplete incineration, and disposal in open pits or dumping sites 24. The hospital waste management plans are devised to incorporate a standard protocol for effective management of waste disposal. Simple experimental changes can minimize waste generated and reduce disposal costs. Hospital waste can be divided into seven broad categories which are defined in the nsw health departments waste management guidelines for health care facilities 1998. See the radioactive waste paper from the report of its 199798 action plan and its current issues in nuclear energy radioactive waste report 2002. Consultant in healthcare waste management in projects financed by. Doe, best management practices for hospital waste, publication no.
It becomes more difficult a job to perform radionuclide. It continues to be a major challenge, particularly, in most healthcare facilities. Chases experience and practical knowhow in managing radioactive materials and low level radioactive or mixed waste enables us to provide costeffective, turnkey solutions for our clients in the following areas. The high generation rate of medical radioactive waste in uganda is a proof that medical waste management in uganda is problematic. Pharmaceutical waste unwanted drugs, expired drugs. Health hazards associated with poor hospital waste management include injuries from sharps to all categories of hospital personnel and waste handlers, nosocomial infections to patients, and. Hospitals can generate large amounts of dangerous hazardous wastes. This application contains login form, patient registration, doctor registration. Pathological waste body parts, human foetuses, placentas, blood, other body fluids. Medical waste mw can be generated in hospitals, clinics and places where diagnosis and treatment are conducted. Unesco eolss sample chapters nuclear energy materials and reactors vol. Safe disposal of the radioactive waste is a vital component of the overall management of the hospital waste. A hospital selfaudit form to copy and use in each department a page of best management practices and information about toxic substance substitution and waste minimization, for each specific department other guidance documents, pertinent to hospital waste management a list of pollution prevention vendors a list of resources.
Hazardous materials and hazardous waste management plan purpose the purpose of the santa monica ucla medical and orthopaedic hospital hazardous materials and hazardous waste management plan is as follows. Objective the main objective of this publication is to provide practical guidance primarily to developing member states on the predisposal management of small quantities of radioactive. Proper management of chemicals and wastes can help prevent serious consequences of catastrophic events or accidents. The objective of radioactive waste management is to deal with radioactive waste in a manner that protects human health and the environment, now and in the future, without imposing an undue burden on future generations. An important objective in radioactive waste management is to ensure that the radiation exposure to an individual public, radiation worker, patient and the environment does not exceed the prescribed safe limits. Namibia integrated health care waste management plan h ealth care waste hcw can be defined as. The management of these wastes is an issue of great concern and importance in view of potential public health risks associated with such wastes. Development of near surface disposal facilities february. Assessment of medical waste management in seven hospitals in.
The housekeeping services team leader is the appointed waste officer. Cytotoxic and radioactive wastes are dealt with briefly in that annex. Pdf radioactive waste management in a hospital researchgate. Industries generating radioactive waste include nuclear medicine, nuclear research, nuclear power, manufacturing, construction, coal and rareearth mining and nuclear weapons reprocessing. An important objective in radioactive waste management is to ensure that the radiation. Waste prevention and management in hospitals, march 2015 page 5 since the operation of the or generates a large portion of the hospital waste stream, strategies for preventing and minimizing waste in the or are needed. For various types of waste different procedures are followed to reduce the. Radioactive waste management program is the responsibility of the direction of the establishment and health provider must not contemplate only the experimental steps of the procedures to be adopted, but also to define and document the responsibilities of professional staff involved in management of radioactive waste through standard operating. Hospital waste collection, sorting, and packaging jessica howard. Healthcare facilities employ radioactive materials in both diagnostic and treatment procedures. Hospital management application allow patients to edit their information like patient name, contact number, address, disease from which he is suffering from etc. All staff shall be trained in waste management as part of their orientation and will receive waste education updates as per mandatory training and update schedule.
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